Mercedes-Benz Innovations

Technologies with which Mercedes and Mercedes-Benz made history:
1886 Karl Benz and the team of Gottfried Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach invent the automobile.
1900 Mercedes 35 PS: First modern-design car, with aluminum engine, camshaft-driven inlet valves, honeycomb radiator, coil clutch, stamped steel frame, low center of gravity, impact-free steering and water-cooled brakes
Ferdinand Porsche invents four-wheel drive using four electric motors, one at each wheel.
1903 New high-performance engines with camshaft-driven overhead inlet valves in the Mercedes-Simplex 18/22 PS and Mercedes-Simplex 60 PS
1905 DMG presents two major innovations in commercial vehicle design with a radiator positioned at the front end of the frame and cast steel wheels.
1906 Six-cylinder racing engine with machined steel cylinders and overhead camshaft with vertical shaft drive: provides inspiration for aeroengines and high-performance car engines
First Mercedes produced in America is delivered.
two spark plugs per cylinder engines
1907 DMG supplies the first petrol-engined fire-fighting vehicle in Germany
Mercedes Dernburg Wagen with four wheel drive and four wheel steering
1908 The Berlin fire service takes delivery of the first electrically powered fire-fighting convoy, consisting of four "Mercedes-Electrique" vehicles
1910 Benz Prinz Heinrich Wagen with 4 valves and 2 spark plugs per cylinder
1911 Mercedes 37/90 PS with three valves per cylinder and twin-spark ignition
1914 Mercedes 28/95 PS: production car with six-cylinder engine with machined steel cylinders and overhead camshaft with vertical shaft drive
1923 Mercedes 6/25/40 PS and 10/40/65 PS: first supercharged production cars
accelerator pedal with kick down switch
1924 DMG presents the first diesel trucks with compressed air injection at the Berlin Motor Show. Benz & Cie, since May partners of DMG in an association of mutual interest, presents the first standard-production diesel truck in the world to feature the Benz-developed pre-chamber injection system. The 5K3 with a 4 cylinder 8.8 liter diesel engine developed up to 50 hp at 1000 rpm.
1925 Benz & Cie present low-frame buses.
1926 G1 four wheel drive vehicle with inline six cylinder engine
Merger between DMG and Benz & Cie
1927 Mercedes-Benz L5: the first standard-production six-cylinder diesel truck and the first volume-production diesel truck in the world.
1928 Mercedes with inline eight cylinder engine
1930 Change-over to all-steel bus bodies at Mercedes-Benz
1931 Independent rear suspension with swing axle
1932 Presentation of Lo 2000 2-ton light truck, the first diesel-engined light truck in the world
1933 Fully independent suspension with double wishbone front suspension appeared on model 380.
1936 Mercedes Diesel wagen 260 D, passenger car with diesel engine
1939 First experimental vehicle with strong side protection, rigid floor and three-part steering column
1948 Electric power windows
1949 Patented safety conical-pin locks prevent doors from jumping open in an accident.
The first Unimog, the Daimler-Benz-developed Universal-Motorger�t, is produced.
1951 Patented safety body with rigid passenger cell and defined crumple zones front and rear
1954 Single-joint swing axle in the Mercedes-Benz 220
Mercedes-Benz 300 SL is the first standard-production vehicle with fuel-injected four-stroke engine.
1956 L/LP 326: first Mercedes-Benz diesel truck developing 200 hp
1957 Daimler-Benz begins to install seat belts, first introduced on airplanes.
The Bilstein gas shock absorber world premieres on a Mercedes-Benz.
1958 Conical-pin door lock with two safety catches
LP 333: cab-over-engine three-axle truck with two steered front axles
1959 First impact and roll-over tests
Mercedes "tail-fin" models feature the first safety body in the world, with integrated crumple zones.
1961 All Mercedes-Benz models now equipped as standard with anchorage points for front seat belts
Dual-circuit servo-assisted hydraulic brake system with disc brake on front and rear wheels in the Mercedes-Benz 300SE
First shoulder belts
1963 Mercedes-Benz 230 SL: first sports car with safety body
1964 Switchover to direct injection diesels in the commercial vehicle sector begins.
1966 Development of a systematic safety research strategy. The terms "active safety" and "passive safety" are coined.
1967 Safety steering system comprising telescopic steering column and steering wheel with impact absorber is now standard on all models.
Presentation of the O 305 prototype standard urban line-service bus
1968 Presentation of Mercedes-Benz safety head restraint
First static three-point seat belt
First testing of airbag systems
1969 Official founding of Mercedes-Benz accident research department and start of accident analysis
Premiere of experimental electric bus OE 302, the first diesel electric hybrid bus.
New LP 1632 commercial vehicle with first hydraulically tilting cab.
1971 ESV program starts (ESV = Experimental Safety Vehicle). ESV vehicles feature three-point inertia-reel seatbelts, belt force limiters, belt tensioners and the first driver and passenger airbags.
Mercedes-Benz 350 SL featuring belt buckle fixed to the seat frame, four-spoke safety steering wheel and dirt-inhibiting side windows and rear lights.
Fuel tank over rear axle and separated from passengers by steel panel
Ribbed "anti-soil" rear lamps
1971 OG 305 experimental natural gas bus presented.
1972 First electric van LE 306 with replaceable battery presented.
OE 302 experimental electric bus goes into scheduled service in Esslingen near Stuttgart.
1973 Three-point automatic seatbelts enter series production. Head restraints standard for the front seats
First children's restraint systems
First Mercedes-Benz offset crash test
1974 Mercedes-Benz 240 D 3.0: First production car with five-cylinder engine
Rear three pointed seat belts
1975 Mercedes-Benz presents the first prototype with hydrogen drive and hydride storage, based on an L 306 minibus.
Line-service trials of an OE 302 DUO bus for combined battery/overhead line operation
1976 New safety steering system with corrugated tube in W 123 series.
1977 Mercedes-Benz 300 SD: first standard-production turbocharged diesel passenger car
Presentation of the O 305 standard-line service articulated pusher bus
1978 Market launch of anti-lock braking system (ABS): World debut in Mercedes-Benz S-class (116 series)
Offset crash with 40 per cent frontal overlap incorporated into the tough internal crash-test program.
Presentation of the O-Bahn track-guided bus system, an alternative solution for local passenger transport
C111 diesel powered research car sets 9 world speed records
1979 New S-class (W 126) with forked member front-end structure is the first car in the world specially designed to withstand an offset collision
Three-point seatbelts fitted as standard on the outer seats.
Front shoulder belt-height adjustment premiered in the S-class.
1981 First driver airbag and seat belt tensioner in the S-class
"Auto 2000" research car - Towards an economical, low-emission future
MB presents the anti-lock braking system for commercial vehicles.
Presentation of the O 305 experimental bus with methanol drive
1982 Multi-link independent rear suspension makes its world debut in the Mercedes-Benz compact class (W 201).
1983 Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) in North America
1984 All Mercedes-Benz models now fitted with front belt tensioners.
Emergency tensioning retractors
1985 Debut for ASD (automatic locking differential), ASR (acceleration skid control) and 4MATIC (engageable four-wheel drive)
Electronic powershift (EPS) fitted as standard on trucks
1986 Closed-loop three-way catalytic converters fitted as standard on all petrol-engined Mercedes-Benz passenger cars.
First headlamp wiper/washers for US models
ASR introduced for Mercedes-Benz trucks and buses.
1988 First passenger airbag supplied as an option for the S-class.
1988 Introduction of decompression valve engine brake in Mercedes-Benz trucks and buses
1989 First seats with integrated seatbelts, first automatically extending roll-over bar and first draught stop in Mercedes-Benz SL Roadster
Introduction of Low Emission Vehicle (LEV) engines for commercial vehicles
Automatic height adjustment for rear seatbelts in 124 series
1991 The F100 research car introduces several new safety concepts.
All-round disc brakes for heavy-duty commercial vehicles introduced on Mercedes-Benz O 404 coach.
1992 All Mercedes-Benz models equipped as standard with driver airbag and ABS.
Passenger airbag standard on S-class
The one millionth Mercedes-Benz fitted with airbag
First offset crash test with deformable barrier
G-force brake proportioning system (S-Class)
Presentation of Euro 2 engines for Mercedes-Benz commercial vehicles
1993 First integrated child seat optionally available for C-class
First four-valve diesel engines for C-class and E-class
Catalytic converter fitted as standard on all Mercedes-Benz diesel cars
1994 First rear-end crash test with deformable barrier
Full front air bags standard on all Mercedes models in North America
NECAR (New Electric Car): first-generation fuel-cell prototype from Mercedes-Benz
1995 "Electronic Stability Program" (ESP) standard in S 600 coupe
First belt tensioner with integrated belt force limiter; side airbag
Disc brakes all round for Sprinter vans
Joystick gearshift in Vito vans
1996 F 200 coupe study featuring "drive-by-wire" and "Keyless-Go" technology
First vehicles equipped with Brake Assist (BAS), a world first
Door-mounted side air bags for driver and front passenger
PLD (pump/line/nozzle) high-pressure injection for commercial vehicle engines.
CAN databuses and control systems for heavy-duty trucks
First hybrid bus with electric wheel hub motors, traction battery and diesel engine
Telligent level control introduced
1997 New V6 and V8 engines with three valves per cylinder and twin-spark ignition
Sidebags for driver and front fitted as standard through out the Mercedes-Benz passenger car range
BabySmart child seat detection system (1998 SLK roadster)
A-class with sandwich floor and engine which slides down and underneath the passenger compartment in a frontal collision
New common-rail direct-injection (CDI) passenger car diesel engines
NECAR 3 (based on the A-class): first fuel-cell prototype in the world with on-board hydrogen reformation
Introduction of 4ETS permanent four wheel drive
Introduction of modular design principle in bus manufacture to produce vehicles of different length
Introduction of networked freely programmable CAN bus in bus manufacture
NEBUS: first fully operational fuel cell bus
DynAPS navigation with dynamic traffic rerouting introduced
1998 First window bags supplied as optional equipment for the E-class
New S-class featuring 30 technical innovations. e.g. passenger airbag with two-stage deployment, rear belt tensioners and belt force limiters, automatic child seat recognition (ACSR), air suspension with adaptive damping system (AIRmatic), COMAND operating/display system
Brake Assist System
SUV crash compatibility
"Cito" midibus with standard diesel-electric drive
1999 CL coupe: first production vehicle in the world with Active Body Control (ABC)
Aerotwin wiper introduced on CL
Mercedes-Benz models standard-equipped with ESP
Distronic autonomous intelligent cruise control goes into production
Side curtain bags (E-Class sedans)
ZAS automatic cylinder cut-out introduced in S 600 and CL 600
CDI turbodiesel engines fitted in the van segment
Joystick gearshift for coaches
"Cito" midibus with standard diesel-electric drive
First hybrid rear wheel drive concept shown at IAA
2000 World's most powerful passenger car turbodiesel fitted in the S 400 CDI
CL 55 AMG F1 Limited Edition is first roadgoing vehicle with ceramic brakes
TeleAid emergency calling system (2000 S-Class and CL-Class)
Smart front air bag, deploys in partial or full force, dependant on impact (S-Class)
Telligent proximity control, Telligent stability control, Lane Assistant (Actros)
Sprintshift automated manual transmission for Sprinter vans
New-generation Unimog with cab made of fibre composites, VarioPower high-performance hydraulics and VarioPilot transferable steering
FleetBoard telematics-assisted Internet service introduced
Window bags for vans
2001 Sensotronic braking system (SBC) debuts in new SL
Mercedes-Benz Unveils PRE-SAFE Occupant Safety Concept at IAA
DriveBy InfoFueling Research car introduced at Comdex
F400 Carving Concept car with 1.28 lateral g's, 30% more than sports cars
2002 SBC, Airmatic DC, multicontour seats, adaptive front airbags, dual stage belt force limiters, Easypack introduced with new E-Class
Milestone in the history of steering: steer-by-wire approved for Unimogs
Direct gasoline injection engines introduced, M271 four cylinder family
ESP on commercial vans up to 3.5 tons, the 2003 Sprinter
PRE-SAFE occupant safety system debuts on the S-Class
Scratch resistant clear coat paint system debuts
M-Class diesel electric hybrid concept
2003 World's first seven speed automatic 7G-Tronic debuts
Bi-Xenon active curve-illuminating headlamps; corner illuminating front foglamps
F 500 Mind diesel electric Li-Ion hybrid concept shown in Tokyo
Voice recognition expands to 3000 words including navigation address input
2004 S-Class V6 gasoline NiMH electric hybrid was exhibited
Adaptive shock absorber debuts on new A-Class and B-Class
New twin cam four valve 3.5 liter M272 V6 introduced on new SLK
Sprinter hybrid and plug-in hybrid (PHEV) delivery vans shown in Hannover
2005 S400 Hybrid diesel electric two mode hybrid concept vehicle shown
Active NECK-PRO crash-responsive head restraint introduced
BlueTec Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) debuts on the Actros
Bionic Concept vehicle with Bluetec SCR shown in Washington DC
STEER-CONTROL introduced on new A- and B-Class
Vision SLK 320 CDI Triturbo shown in Geneva
B-Class F-cell fuel cell vehicle introduced in Geneva
PRE-SAFE occupant safety system debuts on a SUV, optional on M and R
New V6 OM642 turbodiesel achieves FIA world record endurance drive
Diesel particulate filters become standard on all passenger car diesels in 4 countries
S350 Direct Hybrid and S320 Bluetec Hybrid shown at IAA
COMAND clickwheel, Nightvision, twin cam 5.5 liter V8 debut on new S-Class
AMG introduces 6.3 liter naturally aspirated V8
Grand Sports Tourer R-class with 2+2+2 seats debuts
F600 Hygenius fuel cell Li-Ion hybrid research vehicle shown in Tokyo
2006 Bluetec clean diesel technology for passenger cars shown
UHI/MHI modular handsfree communication system including Bluetooth debuts
Spray-guided direct gasoline injection V6 introduced in Geneva
Full-size unit-body sport utility vehicle introduced
2007 Vision GL420 Bluetec Power SUV study shown.
Twelve cylinder S600 cabriolet Ocean Drive concept revealed.
Mercedes introduces the Vision C220 Bluetec in Geneva.
smart cdi launches with 3.3 l/100 km as world's most efficient production car.
Mercedes shows F700 luxury sedan research vehicle with DiesOtto hybrid.